WAAS GPS with LPV Approach Capability for Part 25 Aircraft

Requirements for WAAS capable GPS / FMS with LPV approach capability installations in part 25 aircraft fall under a different set of restrictions than the part 23 counterpart. The FAA has set in place more stringent standards to ensure proper functionality and safety to meet the interface requirements between different avionics system.

As of February 11, 2010, there are currently 1,975 published WAAS LPVs. See the FAA site for further details.


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Part 25 WAAS

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Basics of Part 25 Operator WAAS GPS / FMS Installation Requirements

  • Currently all installations are approved by STC
  • Dual FMS / GPS systems or FMS / GPS system with remote GPS monitor (WAAS Capable)
  • Independent WAAS GPS antennas
  • Ability to display lateral and vertical information on the primary flight display'(s)
  • Ability to couple the approach mode to the auto pilot

WAAS GPS Upgrade Notes

  • Not all displays or EFIS systems are compatible or able to display required LPV approach information.
  • Some EFIS systems may require modification to meet LPV requirements
  • A single FMS CDU can be used provided a secondary GPS WAAS receiver / computer is installed (Remote WAAS Monitor)

Publications Regarding GPS / WAAS Installations on Part 25 Aircraft

AC 25.1309-1A - Various acceptable means for showing compliance with the requirements of FAR 25.1309 (b), (c), and (d).
AC 20-138A - Airworthiness Approval of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Equipment
TSO-C146c - Stand-Alone Airborne Navigation Equipment Using The Global Positioning System Augmented By The Satellite Based Augmentation System

WAAS GPS Installation Considerations for LPV Approach Capability

Update Rate - GPS sensors must be able to provide position updates at a rate of 5 hertz (5 times a second).
Differential Group Delay - GPS sensors must be installed using antennas that meet the requirements of RTCA/DO-229C. WAAS GPS receiver compatible antennas must be used.
Performance Monitoring - Information must be provided to the crew which monitors progress and safety of the approach operation to include the following:

  • Selected NAV source
  • Approach Identification
  • Horizontal deviation information
  • Vertical deviation information

System Status - Crew must be able to evaluate the status of equipment before takeoff and throughout the phase of flight.
Annunciations - For aircraft with more than one NAV source, a positive indication of the NAV source selected must be in the normal field of view.

 

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